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Docker下安装nginx

如果没有安装Docker的请看 Docker 专题，此处不做过多介绍.。
此处介绍的是将nginx的配置文件拉出到宿主机，做了映射。这样我们今后能方便的修改配置文件。当然，以下的配置文件的路径是可以自己手动修改的。按照自己习惯修改即可。

拉取官方镜像

docker pull nginx

等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到 REPOSITORY 为 nginx 的镜像。

docker images

创建目录 nginx/html、nginx/conf、nginx/logs, 用于存放后面静态页面、配置文件、日志文件的相关东西。

mkdir -p /nginx/html/ /nginx/conf/ /nginx/logs/

创建配置文件nginx.conf

vi /nginx/conf/nginx.conf
这个时候我们会进入到次文件内，然后按 i 进入编辑模式，将以下内容复制进去。

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  127.0.0.1;

        location / {
            root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        }
    }

}

然后按Esc 退出编辑模式，按住Shifr + : 进入命令行模式，输入 wq 按回车即可。wq区分大小写，表示保存并退出。
注意：此配置文件，按照自己的项目修改即可。

创建配置文件 mime.types

vi /nginx/conf/mime.types

将以下内容复制进去

types {
    text/html                                        html htm shtml;
    text/css                                         css;
    text/xml                                         xml;
    image/gif                                        gif;
    image/jpeg                                       jpeg jpg;
    application/javascript                           js;
    application/atom+xml                             atom;
    application/rss+xml                              rss;

    text/mathml                                      mml;
    text/plain                                       txt;
    text/vnd.sun.j2me.app-descriptor                 jad;
    text/vnd.wap.wml                                 wml;
    text/x-component                                 htc;

    image/png                                        png;
    image/svg+xml                                    svg svgz;
    image/tiff                                       tif tiff;
    image/vnd.wap.wbmp                               wbmp;
    image/webp                                       webp;
    image/x-icon                                     ico;
    image/x-jng                                      jng;
    image/x-ms-bmp                                   bmp;

    application/font-woff                            woff;
    application/java-archive                         jar war ear;
    application/json                                 json;
    application/mac-binhex40                         hqx;
    application/msword                               doc;
    application/pdf                                  pdf;
    application/postscript                           ps eps ai;
    application/rtf                                  rtf;
    application/vnd.apple.mpegurl                    m3u8;
    application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml             kml;
    application/vnd.google-earth.kmz                 kmz;
    application/vnd.ms-excel                         xls;
    application/vnd.ms-fontobject                    eot;
    application/vnd.ms-powerpoint                    ppt;
    application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics      odg;
    application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation  odp;
    application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet   ods;
    application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text          odt;
    application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation
                                                     pptx;
    application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
                                                     xlsx;
    application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
                                                     docx;
    application/vnd.wap.wmlc                         wmlc;
    application/x-7z-compressed                      7z;
    application/x-cocoa                              cco;
    application/x-java-archive-diff                  jardiff;
    application/x-java-jnlp-file                     jnlp;
    application/x-makeself                           run;
    application/x-perl                               pl pm;
    application/x-pilot                              prc pdb;
    application/x-rar-compressed                     rar;
    application/x-redhat-package-manager             rpm;
    application/x-sea                                sea;
    application/x-shockwave-flash                    swf;
    application/x-stuffit                            sit;
    application/x-tcl                                tcl tk;
    application/x-x509-ca-cert                       der pem crt;
    application/x-xpinstall                          xpi;
    application/xhtml+xml                            xhtml;
    application/xspf+xml                             xspf;
    application/zip                                  zip;

    application/octet-stream                         bin exe dll;
    application/octet-stream                         deb;
    application/octet-stream                         dmg;
    application/octet-stream                         iso img;
    application/octet-stream                         msi msp msm;

    audio/midi                                       mid midi kar;
    audio/mpeg                                       mp3;
    audio/ogg                                        ogg;
    audio/x-m4a                                      m4a;
    audio/x-realaudio                                ra;

    video/3gpp                                       3gpp 3gp;
    video/mp2t                                       ts;
    video/mp4                                        mp4;
    video/mpeg                                       mpeg mpg;
    video/quicktime                                  mov;
    video/webm                                       webm;
    video/x-flv                                      flv;
    video/x-m4v                                      m4v;
    video/x-mng                                      mng;
    video/x-ms-asf                                   asx asf;
    video/x-ms-wmv                                   wmv;
    video/x-msvideo                                  avi;
}

新建静态页面文件index.html用于测试nginx启动状态：

vi /nginx/html/index.html

新增内容如下：

<html>
    <h1>
        Hi Docker~
    </h1>
</html>

使用 nginx 镜像运行容器


docker run -d -p 80:80 --name nginx -v /nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html -v /nginx/conf:/etc/nginx -v /nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx nginx

命令说明：

-d：后台运行容器
-p 80:80：将容器的80端口映射到主机的80端口 
--name nginx：将容器命名为nginx
-v /nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html：将主机中/nginx/html目录挂载到容器的/usr/share/nginx/html目录
-v /nginx/conf:/etc/nginx：将主机中/nginx/conf目录挂载到容器的/etc/nginx目录
-v /nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx：将主机中/nginx/logs目录挂载到容器的/var/log/nginx目录